EVALUATION OF THE USE SITUATION efficient Indian Indian ICT PERSPECTIVE

Today, we live in the Information Age and communication societies where information is rapidly transforming the information society to knowledge society. society information or rather its Japanese term "Johoka Shokai", was perceived by the Japanese author, Yoneji Masuda, "as a society, which would end up spending at a time when the production of information values became the formative force for the development of society. "

In India, the importance of communication equipment in people with new information and skills, and mobilizing them for their participation volunteer development programs and activities has been well recognized and emphasized in the country namely the policy blueprint for five-year plans. Communication is amusing is the power of communication, communication is money and communication is understanding today. Thus, the growth of a country, cultural moorings, his inner strength and competitive advantage are highly dependent on the power of communication. In In recent years, the country is on the threshold of a new revolution with satellite communication, TV, Video events are important. In this era of information of high frequency wireless communication to digital compression technology, microwave communication silicon chips, communication satellite, fiber optics, telematics, computer graphics, Internet, World Wide Web, Internet Protocol TV (IPTV), interactive television (ITV), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), multimedia and so on, there is no stopping or looking back. Communication wise in the world is technically knitting together with the constraints of time and distance disappear, it was possible for humanity as a whole to be integrated the intellectual, economic, cultural and emotional levels, sharing a global community of human resources, transforming the world almost a "world village.

New Communication Technologies – Different Perspectives and significance

The concept of global village of Marshall McLuhan is increasingly interconnected by communications technology that is gradually defined how we view the world. The Gutenberg era is over. A new digital communication technology has emerged. A highway begins the belt of the globe as voice, video and data converge on the heels put a new basket of digital multimedia and interactive communication technologies. New technologies such as Global Satellite Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), teletext, videotext, Virtual Private Network (VPN), Wi-Fi, Coded Division Multiple Access (CDMA), etc. are more widely accepted because of several advantages such as –

• Interactivity
• Demassification (as opposed to the old economy (which focused more on mass production and mass distribution to a mass audience), the jumps of the new economy down (demassification) production. The focus in terms of production, is now on personalization, segmentation, and individualization. This trend leads to restricted).
• Asynchronity (Exchange of facts, figures and conversation takes place on a real time basis, without the presence of all participants).
• Immediacy
• Usability

• Narrowcasting (A narrowcast is the transmission of data to a specific list of recipients. Cable television is an example of a model of broadcasting in which signals are transmitted everywhere and anyone with an antenna can receive them. The Internet uses both a broadcast and a model restricted distribution. To transmit to selected individuals. Cable TV and satellite radio are examples of narrowcast services because they reach only their subscriber base. Mailing lists are another example.)

• Infotainment (A TV show with a mix of news and entertainment as interviews, comments and opinions).
• Ease of update
• the broadcast instant messages
• Save time and
• Profitable

Wedding mediums or rather, convergence is a reality today and India is going to wake up in the digital age, reshaping the way individuals and organizations to produce, process, market, collaborate and share information. The launch of pay services internet radio on Yahoo! And Rediff.com, Edge, third generation (3G) and Bluetooth, Internet on TV, are some new technologies that have been used for the benefit of humanity. At the same time, there is a growing consumer demand for delivery of data, telephony services, global roaming, e-mail, video and Internet access on one device. These needs have led global standards that are more open, making available its vast knowledge base and strong productivity growth, better quality of life, improvements in education and recreation and cultural understanding.

SCENARIO OF COMMUNICATION: Yesterday and today

Getting access to these new technologies, no wonder she can say no to assume that the middle class in India grew at a rate much faster than expected. If you still refuse to consider the communication scenario.

Within a decade, the average citizen owns a private telephone, television and personal computer. In addition to these, telephone and Internet is increasingly being provided by the telephone booths and Internet cafes located in public places. In 1947, when India gained its independence, there were only 84,000 telephone lines, to reach a population of 300 million euros. By 1999, India had installed a network more than 25 million telephone lines, spread over 300 cities, towns and villages 310 897 4869, which makes a telecommunications network in India the largest in the world 9. Another achievement has been the most successful introduction of mobile services in 1995, as well as paging services. In 1998, India had a million cell phone users in the four metropolitan cities, with 45% followed by Delhi 35% Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai 12% 8%. 500,000 or so existed in other cities. Previously, cell phone use has been limited only among the urban elites, business leaders and professionals, but currently, the ubiquity of the telephone in rural rural is also very visible. These services meet the cultural needs strong pan India to keep in constant contact with family members. For vendor vegetables in a remote village in Karnataka, uses his mobile phone to communicate and take orders from its customers, who live in villages far away. He has no pucca house, or any store that has pucca. What he has is a small shop to pass, a two-wheel moped and a Nokia 1100 mobile phone. Yet once Yashwant Singh, a village in Hoshiarpur in Punjab, owner of several trucks, purchased her cell phone for drivers, to keep in constant contact with them. Many farmers do well in India are often owners of mobile phones keeping in contact with the block and officials District level, verification of market information, transport planning, vans, etc.. Many mobile users with mobile access to stream FM radio or MP3 DVD Player, capture images and videos and, simultaneously, transfer via infrared or Bluetooth to other phone users mobile multimedia use thanks to the 3G (third generation), send SMS and MMS playgames and various other purposes.

The traditional sectors such as radio and television have also been displaced functional, due to the changing times and needs. DTH (Direct To Home) takes the cross-border satellite technology programs directly into the homes of viewers, without the intervention of cable operators, is the future of television is digital and interactive TV.DTH and offers up hundreds of subscription channels. Also the development of Radio has taken great strides in recent years. Satellite radio was a major innovation, followed by podcasting, which is currently gaining momentum on the success of Apple iPod. Technically iPod are essentially basic digital (MP3) players with local storage and Internet connectivity of the latter is necessary to download audio files from other web servers via RSS or XML protocol. Podcasters are like bloggers, amateurs who create radio programs such as commentary, music and humor, save the MP3 audio format and post them on websites that are enabled iPod. Then there is the Digital Audio Broadcasting, which is to combine a range of services in a frequency band called a group basis, allowing a flow Bit multiplexing be created in the service of all shapes and sizes can be transmitted, thus providing perfect sound quality, free from interference, able to serve a mobile audience.

In the case of personal computers, an important factor promoting the spread of personal computers in India in the late 1990s was the rise of different funding schemes. More and more Middle-class could buy computers. Until 2000, a type Pentium II desktop computer costs around 50000, which was a heavy burden on the middle class. But things have changed with the alternative model of a room mounted when the consumer has the computer at home, choosing the configaration a specific computer speed and memory RAM, the speed of the modem, speakers and monitors, etc. and, surprisingly, all within an affordable range. Now the situation has changed to such an extent that even branded laptops are available for rs 30000.the enthusiasm for computers was immediately visible through the Internet. Cyber cafes have been quick to take the pulse of the market in 1995, after Internet connectivity has been available to individuals and organizations, on a commercial basis, cafes rose to add zeal .. These coffees triggered opportunities to an individual. It allowed an individual to connect to the network, surfing, play games, watch video, e-mail, chat, e-shop for the time Rs10/-15/per. Initially focused urban now it has spread its wings in the rural areas also, by themselves to upgrade in ICC (Internet community centers), providing surfing net telephony Net, telephone, multimedia, videoconferencing and photocopying services all in one.

In addition the Internet has given birth to an era of e-business, both e-marketing and e-commerce. E-marketing requires the use of the Internet to market products and services, and e-commerce is trading between the two parties on the Internet. In India, although these concepts are relatively new, but many people and organizations enter these cases as they are time saving, cost effective and most important of all guarantees 100% transparency and improves efficiency. The age old concept middle class, activities and underhanded practices unethical and unjustified harassment are gradually being overcome by these e-business. Some of these e-business companies that have establised as a strong brand in the international metal junction are limited, e-Bay, Amazon.com, Aditya Birla, IFB, Dell, etc. Today the Internet is accessible via cable TV, phone, mobile phones, palm tops, DTH and outside of conventional computers.

1. The Internet has brought a new era in which it is concerned with the creation of wealth not only to production, processing and transportation goods, but also through information networks-using technological know-how, management practices and remote processing, as assistance to customers, medical transcription, data processing and research, etc. The Internet has given rise to several new professions, such as website design, e-commerce, internet patrol, technical writer, content developer, multimedia specialist, graphic designer, etc. TV is now working gradually increasing in India, given the presence of a strong telecommunications infrastructure, favorable policies for global free trade, and the availability of low cost English talent. Many BPO and KPO are gaining great popularity among young university graduates. Businesses, organizations, the educational instituitions are armed with the latest technologies such as VPN (Virtual Private Network), Wi-Fi, V-SAT and broadband, etc.

(Diagram of the last page)

Case Study 1

Andhra Pradesh has already implemented four e-governance initiatives, the adoption of the old and new technologies such as –

? Administration Cards of Computer Aided Registration Department

This allows a person in relation to land registration, buying land, determine the marketing value, transfer duty, etc. which had earlier days and hours, took only 15 minutes.

? Network Secretariat State of Andhra Pradesh APSCAN-administrative.

? State of Andhra Pradesh APSWAN-Wide Network

Both networks support the interaction between villagers, government officials, block development officers, chief minister, secretaries of state, and extension agents through videoconferencing.

? TWINS-Twin Cities Network Services

This service is provided to the two cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Here, citizens are provided all services bill such as electricity, telephone bill, driver's license, possession of tax, insurance asks all under one roof.

Case Study 2

In a country like India Rural health is a recurring problem. But Maharashtra has been incredibly successful in the routing information for the villagers not only concerned about their health, but also their use of all these benefits of doctors and medicines, their counterparts in urban areas are accustomed to enjoying. Her dose of e-medicine for people in rural areas across the state. The doctors and experts in treating patients in remote interiors of Maharashtra satellite. Civic authorities ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) and state officials have joined forces to make a success of their project. Here, patients in rural areas to access easily with modern amenities, without having to travel long distances and spending a lot of money. Thus, patients and doctors in remote areas remain in constant contact through the telecommunications network.

CASE 3

Recent government documents show that over 25% (59 million children of school age) are not yet enrolled in school. Despite these poor figures on education, India has highly competent human resources as well as a solid foundation in ICT, which if used to its maximum capacity in the future, India will be the highest among Asian countries. Bridges to the Future Initiative and India (BFI) is to improve basic skills, literacy and entry into the professional training of young-of-school and young adults in poor communities in several Indian states. to achieve these objectives, the BFI uses innovative and cost effective ICT tools and methodologies for improve the quality of teaching, learning in basic education and vocational and assist community members for information resources that can improve their daily lives. Officially, the BFI is located under the patronage of the MHRD and education organizations State (first in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, where formal MOUs were signed in May 2001.).

COMPUTERIZATION PROCESS India

 

Computerization India's process began in 1990, which accompanied the liberalization, globalization and privatization policy, has opened the borders of several multinationals like McDonald's, Reebok, Pepsi, Coke, etc. And also encouraged people to come forward to establish their own private organization. The NEP (New Economic Policy) by Manmohan Singh Indias reflects the enthusiasm to pursue a path of computerization. Prior to this government Rajiv Gandhi friendly policies in the electronics, software and telecommunications and pushed to the application of technology Information in the computerization of the Indian reservation system of railways, banks and land registers. During his tenure, the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) Centre for the Promotion Development of Computing (C-DAC)) and NIC (National Informatics Centre) were established. Also, he invited Texas Instruments, GE, Hewlett Packard and cause the emergence of Bangalore Technopolis. In addition to the creation a National Task Force in 1998 as Atal Behari Vajpayee, the scheme co-chair of the PA, then chief minister Chandra Babu Naidu was a turning the route to India to computerization. Its plan of action made 108 recommendations on ways to use technology for development socio-economic, it recommended the privatization of internal services, the waiver of license fees for private Internet, providers of services to cable operators never and ISD / STD booth operators to use their infrastructure to improve Internet access and a right zero for all products by to 2002 he ad. He also recommended that the software and are considered a priority sector by banks for five years and that students, teachers and schools will also receive computers at reduced prices. The working group was that each ISD / STD booth in the country to be transformed into an information booth giving access to the Internet and related services such as e-mail. More over in 1999, activities presented a bill in Parliament to facilitate e-commerce and e-business and has created a fund of 25 million venture capital for start-ups computer power.

Not surprisingly some of the richest Indian IT and famous are Premzi Aziz (Wipro), NR Narayanmurthy (Infosys), Vinod Khosla (co-founder of Sun Microsystems), Sabeer Bhatia (co-founder of mail hot) and Sam Pitroda, who led the revolution in communication in the country to a large extent.

In the above situation can be summarized in India computerization effort

? India has a vast potential to rival the best in the world-Japan, Germany, United States and the United Kingdom. The wealth of resources, the immense talent and billions of people should be operated by the Indian government and thus facilitate innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity, rather than stifling or create obstacles like red tapism, bureaucratic harassment in the approval and licensing. enthusiasm and zeal of India should motivate young enterpreneurs to appear and be an active member in the participatory process for socio-economic development in the country. The computerization strategy by which a society of information appears on the centers of new communication technologies, the research universities where the techniques brain is formed and Research and development is conducted, and favorable government policies. With this India is about become a world power it.

 

? The infrastructure, economic development policies and various other policies and strategies should aim to facilitate the communication revolution in India. For example, the PCO, cyber cafes ICC, which has arisen not only provide jobs for youth, but also allowed individuals to give themselves and other knowledge and information.

 

? Indian People should also play a role model for the generation to come. The role of traditional media like radio and television should be emulated and especially traditional media should be merged with that of creating a much wider acceptance. The DOD must be more innovative and the government should ensure Television Cable / DBS participation in a more socially responsible rather than spinning off the money.

With technology development in recent decades, the role of information technology and communication (ICT) in improving economic efficiency and enable social development. Governments, private sector and civil society noted that "no extensive people are excluded from the benefits of these technologies, especially those who lack the infrastructure, skills, literacy and knowledge the dominant language-English Internet. They also recognize the potential of ICT to make changes not only to overcome existing obstacles to the development Economic and social development of these groups, but also to transform the systems and the creation of these inequalities in the first place. ICT should be deployed to build an information society where women are particularly disadvantaged, the poor and rural – to participate fully as citizens and reap the benefits of the information revolution.

According to Robert Schware, lead specialist, dep't the global ICT, the World Bank said that India has taken-up more than 200 pilot projects in the field of e-governance; from which only 100 are worth taking up the full scale and can not be replicated in other parts of the country. In its responses, the overall scenario of e-governance, he said, "it is estimated that projects about 85% of e-governance in developing countries are total failures, approximately 50% are partial failures, only 15% can be regarded as entirely successful. "Although he noted that the main factors failures inability to provide government services that provide a benefit to citizens or businesses, lack of clarity on the business prospects, projects are made in isolation al-dept rather than a single agency coordination and lack of will political leadership and lack of skills in project management in some.

There are many countries that have achieved a reasonable amount of success in their e-government initiatives. For example, according to Cap Gemini Ernst & Young consultants, in 2003, Denmark had won 72% of government services online with a score of 87% on the degree of sophistication. Other countries that have high rates for e-government services includes the United Kingdom, Spain, Greece, Finland, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Romania and Mexico. According to Sudhir Narang, Vice-President, Government and business service provider, Cisco Systems India and SAARC, almost all states have a policy it up with the purpose of himself to be a conscious evolution that led to a Govt. State Govt are now recognizing the benefits of IT working environment. "Shivaji Chatterjee, Senior Director, Sales and Marketing, Hughes Escorts Communication said: "It has a vital role to play in all transactions committed Govt. It helps the Govt cuts red tapism, avoid corruption and to achieve citizens directly. "Adds Rajiv Kaul, Microsoft ® India -" a solid technology infrastructure can contribute to Central and State Govts offer a comprehensive set of services to citizens. "The Karnataka Govts project 'Bhoomi' has led to the computerization of the country old system of written Hand rural areas. Thanks to her, Dep't revenue. has eliminated the corruption of the system mounted that involved corruption at every step. ITC e-Choupal initiative provides unique web-based information to farmers, products and services they need to improve productivity, improve achieving farm prices and reduce transaction costs. Farmers can access latest local and global information on weather, scientific farming practices and market prices in the village itself through this web portal any Hindi. The national e-governance plan (2003-2007), reflects the strategic goals of Adm. in proper perspective. In the future State Wide Area Networks (SWAN), and centers Information Community (CIC), the projects must be implemented, supported by a strong model of public-private participation (PPP) to achieve sustainability long term. Already, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the National Institute of Smart Government (Nisga) has welcomed India's first summit S. Asia public sector ICT. The theme of the summit was "new models of e-gov. in S. Asia and the world and was intended to Govt executives and policy makers in S-Asia including India.

Again, if the example of Mizoram, then it can be seen that since its creation in 1989, continuing efforts and tireless NIC Mizoram have led to the diffusion of ICT culture in the state. NIC with the Government of Mizoram has taken many initiatives to facilitate and promote e-governance in various sectors such as transport, land record, the public health engineering, accounts and treasuries, etc. –

For example, in transport communication 'Sarathi' and 'Vahan offer a complete solution for the district office Transportation (DTO), including the computerization of registration, licenses, permits and enforcement, tax and fee collection, etc. Information systems on vehicles of statistics has been developed which allows the collection of various reports required annually by the authority transport state of Mizoram.

26 CIC (Community Information Centre) have been created since 2000 are equipped computers, web cameras VSAT, TV, printers, UPS, etc.. Two skilled operators manage CIC, which provide the following services to the population in distant and remote regions of the state. E-mailing, web browsing and document priority, giving IT training to the villagers, students, etc. providing G2C (government to consumer) services such as support for the investigation GLP village council elections, publications call bids, notifications, etc.

PROBLEMS route COMPUTERIZATION

Although the above discussion, it might appear that India has managed to become a society of information and may be considered for the future knowledge society, to wait before coming to a conclusion. consider these:

? Although India ranks 18th worldwide in terms of using television, radio and Internet and entertainment industry with the Rs 14,400 crore in size in 2000, which should amount to Rs 80.000 crore in 2009, still in the midst of rapid development of mass media, rural India is only marginally affected. Without effective communication, no company may be apt enough to adopt models development dynamics of communication. The rural India is facing many problems. They are as follows: –

1. Wide communication gap

2. Traditional values and attitudes

. Large and diverse population 3

4. Low socioeconomic status

5. High cost of mass media

6. Illiteracy

7. Stereotypes and prejudices

8. Low motivation

9. Defective opinion leadership

10. Persuasion difficult

11. Difficult Questions

12. Acute social deformity

In a society where until recently, the mother hardly spoke, the woman spent almost see his life without her husband, adorable children are grown without apparent parental interaction, it is very difficult to consider the meaning of communication and therefore such a society requires mutual interaction, the diffusion of literacy, physical interaction, transmission institutional, political participation and cultural solidarity.

 

? The Indian media is largely Part urban centered. All developments that have taken place in recent years has resulted in an urban rural divide. The major challenge is to achieve the unreached and including the excluded in its efforts to create an information society for all. . Starting consultation at local level is essential. Top-down projects generally do not work. These eventually provide information that people really need or use at a level technical details and incomprehensible terminology.

 

 

• The effective use of ICT is still unknown to many. The lack of policy support and political will is also due to lack of awareness of economic, political, and social benefits of ICT can bring. The level of awareness among professionals and policy makers the region on the role of ICT in development is generally low.

 

• Connectivity and access to affordable in the region particularly in rural and remote areas remains a problem. Computer literacy is low and the common model, based on individual access to a computer in most cases is impossible because computer costs and lack of energy resources. Low cost devices such as handheld computers can help alleviate this problem, but they are not available or they are not useful value in many rural or marginalized. The same thing applies to other useful communication technologies such as low cost FM radio stations, but here the challenge is often the lack of political will to open up the broadcasting sector for communities to own and manage radio / TV community. Even radio / TV sets provided by the government remain unused for reasons such as electricity supply Intermittently, disrepair or inadequate infrastructure.

 

?   Internet has been widely popular with people who are well versed in English. The lack of appropriate local content and diversity in the Internet as the local language, issues and local needs posed the greatest challenge. Development of local content in multiple languages has been insufficient due to lack of language processing capabilities. Tools to capture the analog content into digital format for many Indian languages are not yet available, which slowed the scanning of existing analog content in text mode and development of pages with indigenous knowledge. Inability to develop local content is also a challenge for many electronic media and particularly for cultural and educational programs appropriate local audiences.

 

• The lack of software, lack of local trainers, capable of transmitting a variety of skills in ICT, content development and media operations is a challenge that makes it difficult to extend the information society beyond the wealthy citizens of the region. Also most software are prepared by people who do not knowledge on rural populations, they were born and raised and fed on the content of Zee, Sony, Star Plus, etc. difficulties abound. In one example, the agent involved in the computerization of land records in a State of India recently reported more than half of them are legally challenged, or in the names of deceased persons, or illegible etc. Computerisation of land records is on the agenda of almost all Indian states.

 

? Most traditional systems have not been fully exploited. The lack of innovative capacity and creativity is an important factor. Generally all programs are made with the bureaucratic mentality, so that if the programs are educational, they are boring because they can not sustain the interest of viewers for long and if they are entertaining, they are not educational. Therefore, they have not the personal touch and therefore lacks credibility. More So with the failure of public service broadcasting, the meaning was lost somewhere in the bureaucratic tangles. The people first say information they need, are not always what they end up using. in the project Swaminathan Pondicherry, for example, male farmers first said they needed information on agriculture. In fact, their largest single use of village information. Kiosks was to obtain information on government programs.

 

 

? India has undergone a high degree of change in terms of marketing and media information. recovery and significance of the information was distorted to give birth to Western imperialism and the media, hence the digital divide. Lack of information is real and passing between North and South, between rich and poor, young-old, literate, illiterate, rural and urban, and gender.

 

? It should not be simply identified with Computers and the Internet. Some uses of the invention involve IT radio, television and embedded chips, potentially useful satellite inventories etc. classic example is the use of butterfat automated assessment tools in Gujarat, which has radically simplified the process automation of milk and pay farmers journal.

 

? Lack of business processes in many modified, well-intentioned projects and duplication of manual processes in the environment it was considered the main reasons for the end users / citizens not associated with any value added projects and looked at the e-governance as an unwelcome addition to obstacles to be crossed before the execution of work. For example, in depts. Which maintain land records especially in rural areas details concerning land ownership, culture etc. have been computerized models, but no sanctity law was given to the output generated by such systems in the absence of a corresponding change in the state.

 

? More talk than action has been much talk. Seminars conferences and workshops at national, international, local level has taken place much. Various five-year plans have been provided. But little action took place in reality so far.

 

? Financial Sustainability-The goal financial sustainability is rarely achieved. assuming that the initial startup costs should be borne by someone, very few projects, even plan long-term viability, let alone achieve it.

 

? A successful commercial ICT sector does not necessarily impact on ordinary Indians. The proposals of State Governments developed for the masses often put the main emphasis on the development of software technology parks, improving education higher levels of information technology etc. if these goals are laudable, but there is very little evidence that the growth rate increased industry software based on improved living conditions, more schools and colleges, improving health, eradicating poverty, more jobs, or any other benefit.

 

? Apparently decisions concerning technical regulation, he, bandwidth allocation, pricing mechanism, transmission standards, etc., can have profound effects on whether or not information technologies benefit ordinary Indians. One case is the requirement that Internet service providers guarantee to cover an entire state. This effectively prevented local entrepreneurs to provide Internet connectivity in small and medium towns, unlike local initiatives that have contributed to the rapid spread of satellite television in rural India. Analysis of the impact of technology choices it for the common man is largely absent.

 

? Wiring of India, until the last mile cost of basic features and software in local languages are required, in order to remain wiring of India unfinished. Although low-cost technological solution does not solve the problem, but they are an essential element that India.

 

? Credibility-can not believe what said. One of the projects that are announced are revealed on a visit to the site, having closed, or not be in service, detoriated or have their original stated objectives.

 

PROMISES OF ICT

• One of the most promising uses of ICT. In practice, it is to distinguish between activities-

1. E-governance – it is the computerization of the functions of government itself, as we have specially by the Andhra Pradesh. This connection provides the seat of state government district officials, computerized registration, court proceedings, records land, offices of state, etc., for the benefit of directors of the state. So e-governance can also mean the government for people and links with the government to which citizens obtain direct access to documents, rules and rights information they need or want in their life.

1. E-commerce – B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C platforms can be used fully for the benefit of customers and for business organizations, for a transaction efficient and smooth, the practices of free and fair trade.

1. Trade finance – commercially funded ICT networks have very promising. For example, the Warana project, if largely financed initially by the State of Maharashtra and Delhi, is currently maintained by the sugar cane Cooperation the area and provides tangible benefits to sugar producers and producers. The project EID Parry expects Nelikuppan Tamil Nadu advantages in terms of improvement information to their producers on best agricultural practices. ITC-IBD has established a major step Chaupals IT for soybeans, shrimp producers coffee in order to reduce production costs, which currently go to middlemen. It has the economic capacity to proliferate Based on the rural economy by providing farmers with agricultural expertise and services, weather information in a timely and relevant price discovery transport and access to larger markets. Many people in developing countries lack access to financial services commodities such as savings, credit, insurance and money transfers. Most transactions are in cash savings and involve very small amounts. Support services to special needs of these types of financial transactions can be very useful. A case in point is M-PESA One of the most popular services for developing countries, Offered by Safaricom in Kenya which is the company leading telecommunications. Currently only 10% of Kenyans have formal bank accounts and M-PESA allows people without a bank account to complete simple financial transactions, mainly transfer money from person to person. Since the introduction of the service in March 2007, three million users have registered, and the service was more in popularity.

1. While the needs and desires of the urban rich are familiar with the developed world, the needs Unique communities closer to the base of the pyramid suggests exciting new possibilities for services.

The laboratory IBM Research India, researchers try to develop a mobile software platform, called the "Spoken Web" to provide the above types of services to communities in emerging countries. Spoken Web is a network of sites of voices that exists and operates on the phone network rather than Internet. Internet access does not require a spoken expensive computer, Internet connection or the ability to read and write. voicesites people can browse through them and speaking a voicesites voilinks through another, and even conduct transactions simply by speaking. What more than one phone number may act as a URL in the traditional web, and we did not need a high-end mobile device for Internet access spoken, a plain old phone rotary can do the job. Interaction with clients and dissemination of government information everything can be possible in the mobile Web.

INDIAN Knowledge Society

Same if there are huge disparities in road to computerization, the focus of India on the growth of ICT sector has made rich dividends in terms of export earnings, job creation and image of an emerging economy. Large firms are becoming competitive deployment of enterprise solutions to scale to interpret the data and pans, and catch data based decision. Many began to think that the next century will be the century of knowledge. A nation's ability to transform knowledge in wealth and welfare through the process of innovation will determine its future. The knowledge economy will dominate the century come.

To meet the twin objectives of growth with equity, knowledge can not be the preserve of a few, everyone in society must have access to knowledge and to become knowledge workers. Countries that do not create knowledge societies will disappear into oblivion. But those creating knowledge societies will have the opportunity to lead the world. Now, before launching into a knowledge society, one must first know what is a knowledge society? Creating a knowledge society should revolve around the creation, sharing and use of knowledge and information to create wealth and improve the quality of life. Knowledge can be defined as the familiarity gained through research and experience, and includes

• Know What (knowledge of the fact)
• Know Why (Scientific knowledge of the school and the laws of nature),
• Know-how (skills or ability to do something) and
• Know Who (information on the person knows what and how to do what).

If Indian society must become a knowledge society, then it is important that every Indian becomes a worker knowledge. We must recognize the concept of the knowledge worker in the broadest sense possible. This is not only scientists and technologists, who will knowledge workers. Even if a farmer can be a knowledge worker, provided he understands the soil it spreads its seeds in and how he lives in a village of information, where it has the advantage of short and medium range weather forecasting to plan his farming and so on.

PRIORITY knowledge society

                     A knowledge society is characterized by new knowledge structures, methods of dissemination and technology that enables and supports unrestricted access to knowledge control. Like all human activity creates and uses knowledge, existing companies are also in this sense knowledge societies. Human activity creates and uses knowledge and each society should be characterized and identified by its Knowledge Base (Lokavidya).

The transformation of society must be the large-scale development in education, health care, agriculture and governance. They turn to job creation, high productivity and rural prosperity. These models aim to provide opportunities for rural economic development and prosperity. Youth in the community could easily be trained to meet the requirement of IT enabled services. This will also make available space and manpower at rates very expensive compared to urban areas. It also helps to stop the movement of families to urban localities. More so that the model should try to improve quality of life in rural areas. Knowledge powered rural development is an essential need to transform India into a knowledge power and connectivity bandwidth in rural areas is the minimum requirement to take education, health care, and economic dynamism in rural areas. Society knowledge leading to the superpower of knowledge can thrive and survive in the environment of economic security and safety internally. Nation must work for the transformation to developed India. For example, if people find they can book train tickets via the web reliably and securely, then nobody will bother to travel by scooter or motorcycle.

 

CASE 4

Knowledge system for sustainable food security in the villages Pondicherry was the empowerment of rural women, men and children with information relating to ecological agriculture, economic access and the use of its goal. Such a knowledge system is managed by the local youth in the village center of knowledge where the computer system Assisted information is exploited. Farmers who become knowledge workers are also trained to maintain a "map of soil Health "to monitor the impact of farming systems on the physical, chemical and microbiological components of the soil fertility.

informed citizens who possess the knowledge will be able to see the crucial link between grades 5 E ie environment, ecology, economy, equity and ethics. They will then be guided by misinformation fueled by interest groups. But they use their knowledge to decide on their own what is wrong and what is right. They will not stop projects leading to economic development, but they will stop those that lead to destruction.

Case Study 5

ICT Policy in Malaysia

  Malaysia is middle-income economy is able to move from an agrarian society in one generation (60 -80). ICT has played a dual role in the development of Malaysia, one in the commodity sector and another as a strategic tool. Malasia has taken two major initiatives to fill both the issues of economic competitiveness and social equality, such as the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) for economic development and National Information Technology Agenda (NITA) for social development. In 1996, the National Information Technology Council (NTIC has been established in 1994) came out with the national IT agenda, with an approach focused on people development. ITA has been operationalized with five e-trust model. They are the e-economy, e-public services, e-community e-learning and e-sovereignty.

Access to knowledge can influence the effectiveness when individuals feel enriched (with new ideas, solutions to problems) and are able to request information from the time and place where it is needed. Thus, knowledge management initiatives should complement traditional networks face to face contact. The rural population does not have the skills required to filter through the extensive information available on the Internet and to identify the information most relevant to them. The role of intermediaries in the interpretation of the information needs of rural communities, the collection information from public domain sources and the dissemination of information in a text and the local dialect is very important, as has been demonstrated among drivers Kothamale and Pondicherry.

  STEPS NEEDED FOR THE COMPANY PROOF full knowledge

 

• Create IT mentality in India –

Information and technology are evolving so quickly that it was impossible for the public to keep a tab on events. There is a need for awareness of it among the people and its use. For example, many people know what is Internet, they dabble with only its applications at least he has great scope and use in depth and impact.

? Promote development of an enabling policy environment –

To be a knowledge society in India needs to develop a national policy Overall promote an enabling environment for a knowledge society for all. In the process of policy efforts should be taken to address equitable access, human resources and development of applications. Also the links between the knowledge society of Media and public service broadcasting such as a vehicle for educational and cultural content should be considered an integral part of the process policy formulation and revision of media law. In formulating the policy of India should encourage an open dialogue with all members, including civil society, communities and private and public sector organizations.

? Equitable access Promotion –

India should promote shared access through multimedia community centers and conduct assessment current access patterns. India should support innovations in low cost access to the community especially targeted marginalized groups. With the ability to use ICT, librarians and archivists have great potential as knowledge workers. Many libraries and archives in the region do not allow online access to their readers. Libraries if they are well equipped with ICT, can become for many people an effective gateway to the information society.

? Improving the management capacity knowledge –

The process of knowledge management in both content and availability is a key element of modernization. human resource development in information management for knowledge workers should take a central place in India's communication and information. To support capacity building, particularly in the field of human resource development, India should provide training of trainers premises in the areas of ICT at different levels. But India should also promote specialized training programs for disadvantaged groups enjoy the benefits of ICT especially in ICT and entrepreneurial learning opportunities.

? Expand appropriate content

India to promote the development of appropriate content, should be based on the creation proactive partnership with extension services (education, agriculture, health), government agencies, nongovernmental agencies, media and of organistic professional. It should focus on ethics and the relevance of local people and their problems and needs. Access universal can not be achieved without the promotion of multilingualism in cyberspace. India should also motivate and support the efforts of public institutions and universities to identify and promote technologies and tools capable of digitizing local content.

? Expand public service broadcasting

India should continue to exploit the potential role of education and culture of public Broadcasting and the need for public service broadcasting to reposition themselves to fill this function. The challenge of transforming the public service broadcasting as that democratic platform and a tool for the masses to migrate into a knowledge society possible remains relevant. This is all over with the possibility of using radio as a broadcast technology for distance learning in remote rural areas with the possibility simultaneous data casting distance learning modules. Repositioning Public Service Broadcasting to act as a interface to bring the benefits of ICT for the greatest number of people is a challenge. India, in collaboration with partners should strive to establish the sharing of high quality educational content through the systems of public service broadcasting. It is also necessary to ensure a better gender balance and to support media training for women.

? Promote community radio

The principle of public interest in broadcasting center is that of universal access. This principle should allow access people to participate meaningfully in their community and society. It also includes better access to productive assets and participate in broadcasting. Community owned and operated radio networks can make radio a truly participatory communication tool. Community radio

1. Promotes community involvement
2. Increases the effectiveness of decentralization, improved transparency and accountability at local level. and
3. people involved in the design, implementation and evaluation of local development programs.

Community radio also has the potential to act as an interface between communities and the Internet. Conversion of community radio in the media centers with access to networks Information should be main objective of the approach of India to promote community radio.

? Regional Flagships

India should develop flagship programs in the region.

1. ICTs to reach the unreached should focus on sustainable business models for groups excluded from access and use of knowledge resources for development.
2. Support the development of national information and communication policies. should develop an information package and formulation communications policies leading to the knowledge society. This will include comprehensive guidelines on the process of developing of political participation and civil society
3. Human Resources Development, should include development of interactive self-learning training courses to enhance the skills of local trainers as well as increasing access to knowledge resources through a portal.

CASE 6

E-Seva project in Andhra Pradesh

From a mere 4,800 transactions per month in August 2001 for whooping 7.5 lakh transactions a month of February 3, e-seva of Andhra Pradesh, G2C (Government citizen) Utilities Service project is mature, offering nearly 43 services ranging from payment of utility bills to the issuing of certificates, authorizations permit, reservation of buses to B2C services.

Case Study 7

The project SAUKARYAM

Saukaryam in Vishakapatnam is among the few projects using the network so effectively connect citizens to local government in real time. People can pay their bills online, check the condition of the building and plans for water supply, to receive information on births and deaths, garbage disposal track, even scan Notice of Appeal offers. The idea behind the project is to track every service that is offered by the company online, from taxation and public works sanitation of the city. In addition, it provides a forum for people.

CONCLUSION

Although India can boast of a process of computerization, which is declining, yet it would blunderous his part to get off smugged easily thanks to its success partly achieved. The problems that appear are apparently small, are only the tip of the iceberg, which requires emergency a timely intervention, before he assumes gigantic proportions. Instead of resting on its laurels, the government should take note of gaps in the machine itself, which seriously affect the vision of this project.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. "In ten years …. family members, India's communication revolution bullock carts to cyber marts Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, M Sage Publications.

2. "In the case of computers Personal …. affordable range. India communication revolution bullock carts to cyber marts M Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, Sage Publications.

1 .. Study case a communication revolution in India ,—- bullock carts to cyber marts-Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, M Sage Publications.

2. Communication Kewal Kumar J Revolution.

3. www.bsnl.in

About the Author

A First class Third Post Graduate in Mass Communication from The University of Burdwan, currently I am working as a lecturer in the Department of Media Science , teaching Advertising, Branding and Marketing in the NSHM College of management and technology. A NET qualified MARCOM Specialist, I started my career as a Guest Faculty in The University of Burdwan and Michael Madhusudan Memorial College, Durgapur. With five years of teaching experience I have wide exposures in presenting papers in conferences and seminars, and writing in various research journals and books related to branding, Advertising, PR and Marketing.My domain knowledge spans from Advertising, Marketing and Corporate communications, in short Marcomm. I have attended and presented papers in seminars and conferences of national and international repute on Branding and Marketing. I have published papers on branding in the research journal of the University of Burdwan and ICFAI Journal of Brand Management. One of my research article is published in the executive MBA Book, of ICFAI, in September 2008. Another research article on ICT, is also due to be published in form of a book in June 2009.

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